Simultaneously recorded intracranial and scalp high frequency oscillations help identify patients with poor postsurgical seizure outcome

ObjectiveHigh frequency oscillations (HFO) between 80–500 Hz are markers of epileptic areas in intracranial and maybe also scalp EEG. We investigate simultaneous recordings of scalp and intracranial EEG and hypothesize that scalp HFOs provide important additional clinical information in the presurgical setting.MethodsSpikes and HFOs were visually identified in all intracranial scalp EEG channels. Analysis of correlation of event location between intracranial and scalp EEG as well as relationship between events and the SOZ and zone of surgical removal was performed.Results24 patients could be included, 23 showed spikes and 19 HFOs on scalp recordings. In 15/19 patients highest scalp HFO rate was located over the implantation side, with 13 patients having the highest scalp and intracranial HFO rate over the same region. 17 patients underwent surgery, 7 became seizure free. Patients with poor post-operative outcome showed significantly more regions with HFO than those with seizure free outcome.ConclusionsScalp HFOs are mostly located over the SOZ. Widespread scalp HFOs are indicative of a larger epileptic network and associated with poor postsurgical outcome.SignificanceAnalysis of scalp HFO add clinically important information about the extent of epileptic areas during presurgical simultaneous scalp and intracranial EEG recordings.     

长眼轴患者白内障超声乳化术后角膜生物力学的变化

目的　观察长眼轴患者行白内障超声乳化术后角膜生物力学的变化。方法　收集拟接受白内障手术的患者58例68眼，将其分为长眼轴组（28例34眼）和正常眼轴组（30例34眼），应用可视化角膜生物力学分析仪（corneal visualization scheimpflug technology，Corvis ST）对患者术前及术后1周、1个月的角膜生物力学参数进行测量。结果　术前及术后1周、1个月两组峰距、中央角膜厚度、矫正眼压、眼压及长眼轴组第二压平时间和最大形变幅度的总体比较，差异均有统计学意义（均为P＜0.05）；术后1周与术前相比，两组峰距、中央角膜厚度、矫正眼压、眼压明显增大，长眼轴组最大形变幅度较术前减小，差异均有统计学意义（均为P＜0.05），但术后1个月正常眼轴组峰距、中央角膜厚度、矫正眼压、眼压均恢复到术前水平（均为P＞0.05），而长眼轴组最大形变幅度较术前减小，矫正眼压、眼压较术前均增高（均为P＜0.05）。术后1个月与术后1周比较，两组峰距、中央角膜厚度、矫正眼压、眼压均有减小趋势（均为P＜0.05）。长眼轴组术后1周中央角膜厚度、矫正眼压及最大形变幅度的变化量与眼轴长度均存在正相关性（r=0.493，P=0.003；r=0.575，P＜0.001；r=0.587，P＜0.001），而正常眼轴组的相关参数的变化量与眼轴长度均无相关性（均为P＞0.05）。结论　白内障超声乳化术能影响角膜生物力学，且长眼轴患者较正常眼轴者术后更易引起角膜生物力学改变，在白内障术后应注意其用药时间及激素类药物的使用，防止伤口愈合不良导致迁延感染及高眼压的发生。     

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS): Natural history,prenatal management strategies,and outcomes at a single comprehensive fetal center

PurposeCongenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is a devastating fetal condition of complete airway discontinuity resulting in significant hydrops and extreme lung hyperplasia. It is universally fatal with survival reported only in the rare spontaneous fistulization or EXIT intervention (Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment). Even in these cases, mortality remains high, and current investigations are targeting prenatal interventions. This report describes our experience with management and fetal interventions for CHAOS, including laser laryngotomy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with CHAOS at a single academic institution between 2006 and 2017.ResultsFifteen patients were identified. Eight had obstruction at the trachea and seven at the larynx. In the laryngeal obstructions, three expired shortly after birth, and one survived after spontaneous fistulization and subsequent EXIT to tracheostomy. The remaining three underwent in-utero treatment with laser laryngotomy. One had preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), delivered 3 days post-operatively, and died. Two underwent EXIT to tracheostomy with one surviving to discharge and is currently 2 years old.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the outcomes of a large series of patients diagnosed with CHAOS. While mortality remains high, options for fetal intervention are being explored to allow alterations in the prenatal natural history and improve postnatal outcomes.Type of StudyRetrospective Treatment Study.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.     

Nutraceuticals use and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complicated metabolic disease and has become one of the significant medical problems worldwide. Researchers aim to provide fine-tuned treatment for T2DM with minimal exposed side effects. Nutraceuticals are compounds or materials and emerging evidence suggests that the use of nutraceuticals has recently been recognized as a promising option for the prevention and management of T2DM, such as probiotics and prebiotics, Vitamin D, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and Plant-derived nutraceuticals. This review attempts to show the most popular nutraceuticals and review their effects and possible mechanisms in the prevention or glycemic control of T2DM.     

高强度聚焦超声联合甲氨蝶呤在瘢痕子宫妊娠行宫腔镜微创清宫术中的应用效果分析

目的 探究采用高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)联合甲氨蝶呤(MTX)在瘢痕子宫妊娠行宫腔镜微创清宫术中的应用效果。方法 选择2018年5月—2019年5月在本院接受宫腔镜治疗的108例瘢痕子宫妊娠患者,依据随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,每组各54例。对照组使用HIFU预处理,研究组则使用HIFU联合MTX的方式预处理,处理后两组均行宫腔镜辅助微创清宫术。通过随访分析比较两组的治疗效果及妊娠结局。结果 研究组术后7 d血清β-HCG水平为(28 598.38±2 176.52)U/L,低于对照组的(32 423.13±2 734.65)U/L,差异有统计学意义(t=8.042,P<0.001);研究组血清β-HCG转阴时间、月经恢复时间、住院时间分别为(21.33±3.78)d、(28.21±3.83)d、(6.53±2.12)d,分别短于对照组的(26.72±4.83)d、(33.82±4.91)d、(9.53±2.67)d,差异具有统计学意义(t=6.458、6.620、6.466,P均<0.001)。两组均随访≥24个月,宫内妊娠、未孕、流产、再次瘢痕子宫妊娠、异位妊娠比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.895,P>0.05);宫内妊娠中足月分娩与早产比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.131,P>0.05),研究组并发症发生率为22.58%,低于对照组的37.50%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.296,P=0.021)。结论 在宫腔镜辅助微创清宫术治疗瘢痕子宫妊娠前使用HIFU联合MTX预处理的效果优于单一使用HIFU预处理,可明显缩短患者血清β-HCG转阴时间、月经恢复时间与住院时间,但对女性的妊娠结局无影响,妇产科临床治疗前可结合患者需求择取最合适的预处理方案。     

新疆低温奶消费情况调研报告

本文旨在探讨影响新疆低温乳消费市场的限制性因素及相应的对策。调研通过网络调查问卷和实地调研走访相结合的方式,从乳制品消费结构、消费能力,低温奶认知、低温奶购买意愿、购买便利性、购买偏好及健康饮奶习惯等方面分析影响新疆低温乳消费市场的因素。结果显示:32.93%的消费者不了解乳中生物活性物质(如乳铁蛋白)的热敏性,39.97%的消费者不能区分各类液态乳产品,47.64%的消费者有煮沸巴氏杀菌乳后饮用的习惯;43.21%的消费者"担心未消毒彻底,存在细菌",36.30%的消费者认为"加热后可增加营养价值和香味";72.64%的消费者曾感到"购买巴氏杀菌乳不方便";54.85%的消费者认为本地品牌"更新鲜、更健康"。结果启示:本地乳企应该充分利用在当地的良好品牌信誉度和牧场资源,尽早布局低温奶市场,通过研发高品质低温乳制品、普及科学饮奶理念、改善冷链物流能力、完善购物体验和精细化服务能力等手段,提高生产竞争力,抵御进口乳制品和常温乳对当地乳品市场的冲击,占领区域低温奶消费市场。     

Faster bone union progression and less sclerosis at the osteotomy margin after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy using highly porous β-tricalcium phosphate granules versus allogeneic bone chips: A matched case–control study

BackgroundThis study compared bone union progression using highly porous (80% porosity) β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules or allogeneic bone chips in the gap created by medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).MethodsThe study population consisted of 54 patients who received MOWHTO with locking plate fixation: 27 patients using highly porous β-TCP granules, and 27 age- and sex-matched patients using allogeneic bone chips. Bone union progression was evaluated 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The presence of radiographic sclerosis at the osteotomy margin was also assessed.ResultsAmong all patients, the highest degree of bone union observed 12 months postoperatively was grade 4. As postoperative time passed, bone union progression of highly porous β-TCP granules increased linearly and was statistically significant compared with that of cancellous allogeneic bone chips (P = 0.014). The presence of radiographic sclerosis at the osteotomy margin was significantly less common in the β-TCP group than in the allograft group (P = 0.003) and was the strongest predictor of delayed progress of bone union (odds ratio = 6.16, P = 0.006).ConclusionsPatients who underwent MOWHTO using highly porous β-TCP granules had faster new bone remodeling, less radiographic sclerosis at the osteotomy margin, and no inferior clinical outcome compared with allogeneic bone chips, as determined at the 1-year follow up. The presence of radiographic sclerosis at the osteotomy margin in patients undergoing MOWHTO using allogeneic bone or synthetic bone substitute may indicate delayed progress of bone union.